Sickle cell anemia and resistance to malaria: Narrative review

Keywords: malaria, anemia, sickle cell, Hemoglobin, Sickle

Abstract

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive hemoglobinopathy, caused by the mutation of the β-globin chain gene that results in the replacement of valine by glutamic acid at the position of the sixth amino acid in the hemoglobin. There are various molecular and cellular mechanisms by which its pathophysiology is explained and thanks to its current understanding, new pharmacological agents are under clinical and preclinical research. Sickle hemoglobin (HbS), which is the consequence of this mutation, is related as a form of protection against malaria in heterozygotes; however, homozygous status (HbSS) may be associated with increased susceptibility to malaria. This protection relationship in heterozygotes is evidenced in lower levels of parasitaemia and later onset, that various theories had tried to explain. Therefore, this article aims to review the relationship between SCD and the protection it generates in malaria infection, in addition to exposing the pathophysiology and treatment of SCD to achieve a broader understanding of the disease.

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Disciplines:

Internal Medicine, Hematology

Author Biographies

Mariana Roldán-Isaza, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana

Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana. Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Estudiante de Medicina. Medellín, Colombia.

Laura Herrera-Almanza, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana

Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana. Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Estudiante de Medicina. Medellín, Colombia.

Alejandro Hernández-Martínez, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana

Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana. Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Estudiante de Medicina. Medellín, Colombia.

Lina María Martínez-Sánchez , Pontificia Bolivariana

Pontificia Bolivariana. Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Medicina. Bacterióloga, Especialista en Hematología, Magister en Educación Universitaria.

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How to Cite
(1)
Roldán-Isaza, M.; Herrera-Almanza, L.; Hernández-Martínez, A.; Martínez-Sánchez , L. M. Sickle Cell Anemia and Resistance to Malaria: Narrative Review. Rev. Fac. Cienc. Salud Univ. Cauca 2020, 22, 34-42.
Published
2020-07-01
Section
Artículos de revisión
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