Seguimiento de la hidrolisis de las proteínas de Quinua, Arroz y Soya mediante espectroscopia FT-IR
Resumen
Las proteínas que son sometidas a procesos de hidrólisis aumentan sus propiedades bioactivas y funcionales, por ello, en este trabajo se realizó el seguimiento de la hidrólisis de proteínas mediante espectroscopia infrarroja de rango medio, para determinar los cambios estructurales que experimentan las proteínas durante la hidrólisis. La hidrólisis enzimática con endo / exoproteasas se llevó a cabo en los tres aislados proteicos, las enzimas utilizadas fueron Alcalase 2.4L y Flavorzyme® del laboratorio Sigma. La relación enzima / sustrato fue del 5%. Se obtuvieron grados de hidrólisis entre 46% y 38.4% para el aislado de proteína de quinua y el aislado de proteína de arroz, respectivamente. Tanto el seguimiento de la hidrólisis enzimática del aislado de proteína de quinua como del aislado de proteína de soja fue de 60 minutos con Alcalasa® 2.5L y 120 minutos con Flavorzima®, con respecto al aislado proteico de Arroz, los tiempos de hidrólisis establecidos fueron de 60 minutos con Alcalase 2.4L y 20 minutos con Flavorzima ®; tiempos mayores que estos, no se observaron diferencias significativas en el grado de hidrólisis. A modo de comparación, los aislados proteicos y sus hidrolizados se estudiaron en el rango del infrarrojo medio (4000 cm-1 a 600 cm-1) para obtener información sobre la estructura de la proteína, para ello se utilizó una técnica de deconvolución del espectro mediante la función de transformada de Fourier. Estos espectros mostraron diferencias significativas en la estructura secundaria de la proteína, con respecto al análisis de las áreas, las cuales fueron determinadas mediante una función gaussiana; los cambios más favorables se dieron principalmente en la formación de estructuras b-sheet y b-turns.
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Referencias bibliográficas
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