Biomasa de Eucalyptus globulus como materia prima en la obtención de biocombustible líquido
Resumen
La contaminación atmosférica y el acelerado deterioro ambiental por el creciente uso de combustibles fósiles, ha direccionado las investigaciones en el campo energético hacía la búsqueda de fuentes alternativas, renovables, eficientes y sobre todo más amigables con el medio ambiente. Entre la materia prima que cobra gran interés en la generación de biocombustibles, se encuentran los residuos lignocelulósicos que actualmente se producen en abundantes cantidades, ya sea por simple acción de la naturaleza o porque hacen parte de la cadena agroindustrial de una región dada. Es por ello que en el presente trabajo se evaluó la biomasa de Eucalyptus globulus, como fuente de bajo costo y amplia disponibilidad en la obtención de biocombustible líquido, para lo cual se llevó a cabo una caracterización física y química preliminar teniendo en cuenta especificaciones establecidas en normatividad del sector. Se realizaron ensayos de conversión termoquímica por medio de una pirólisis en atmósfera de N2 y a través de la aplicación de un diseño experimental factorial ( ) contemplando la influencia de variables experimentales tales como tiempo de residencia y temperatura, fue posible obtener a 550 ºC y durante 20 min de reacción, un bioaceite con un rendimiento máximo del 45,2 % y cuyas propiedades físicas y químicas se encuentran dentro del rango estimado en literatura para biocombustibles de origen lignocelulósico, tal es el caso del poder calorífico (16,7 MJ/kg). Por lo tanto, la biomasa de Eucalyptus globulus puede ser considerada como materia prima con potencial a ser explorado en la generación de energéticos.
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Disciplinas:
Ciencias e Ingeniería, Energía renovableLenguajes:
Español; CastellanoReferencias bibliográficas
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