Evaluación de la bioaccesibilidad de cadmio en formulaciones de chocolatería por digestión gastrointestinal in vitro
Resumen
Para estudiar la toxicidad del cadmio (Cd) presente en productos de chocolate es necesario conocer su concentración total y determinar la cantidad de Cd que es bioaccesible en el cuerpo humano. Este trabajo se enfocó en evaluar la bioaccesibilidad de Cd en formulaciones de chocolatería con concentraciones de componentes diferentes por digestión gastrointestinales in vitro. Esta digestión se realizó a través de un titulador automático con control de temperatura, y control y monitoreo de pH mediante soluciones diluidas ácidas y alcalinas. Se correlacionaron las diferencias de bioaccesibilidad con los componentes principales (cacao, leche, azúcar y contenido de Cd total en el cacao) y, por último, se propuso una formulación de chocolate que tuvo el menor valor de bioaccesibilidad de Cd. Los resultados se expresaron mediante un modelo matemático, con predicciones de 94 % y errores de validación del modelo menores que 9 %. Se obtuvieron valores de bioaccesibilidad de Cd en las formulaciones de chocolate entre 7 y 32 % aproximadamente, donde los valores más bajos correspondieron a formulaciones de chocolate amargo (relación másica cacao:azúcar de 7:2). Se concluyó que el contenido de cacao y de azúcar en la formulación disminuyen los valores de bioaccesibilidad de Cd, mientras que el contenido de leche y la concentración de Cd total en el cacao aumentan los valores de bioaccesibilidad.
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Disciplinas:
Química analítica, Química de alimentosLenguajes:
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